Skip Navigation Links
High Fantasy HERO
Vancian Magic
Vancian Spells
Arcane
BardicExpand Bardic
ElementalismExpand Elementalism
SortilegeExpand Sortilege
StregariExpand Stregari
WizardryExpand Wizardry
Divine
ClericalExpand Clerical
DruidicExpand Druidic
PaladinExpand Paladin
RangerExpand Ranger
Misc
Cross-CategoryExpand Cross-Category
Named SpellsExpand Named Spells
Abilities & Items
Contact Webmaster
KillerShrike.com
Skip Navigation LinksVancian Magic>Vancian Spells>Arcane>Wizardry>Universal>Level 8
Spell List
Record Count: 21

Symobl of Blinding View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Domain Sun Level 6
Real Cost: 19 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Sight Group Flash 6d6, Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 19", Conforming (+1 1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Incantations (-1/4), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Apportation View
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Stregari Conjuring Level 8
Real Cost: 28 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
Keywords
Teleport
Description
The caster teleports something to themselves, if they can remember where they left it.
Effect
Teleportation 5", No Relative Velocity, Position Shift, x2 Increased Mass, Safe Blind Teleport Only if RSR is Made (+0), Ranged (+1/2), UAA (+1), Megascale (1" = 1 million km; +1 3/4), Can Be Scaled Down: 1" = 1km (+1/4) (135 Active Points); 1 Charge (-2), Requires A INT Roll to remember location (No Active Point penalty to Skill Roll -1/2), Gestures (-1/4), Extra Time (Delayed Phase, -1/4), Incantations (-1/4), Concentration 1/2 DCV (-1/4), Only from known location (-1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Clone View
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 16 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Keywords
Creation
Description
Caster creates spare body & leaves it in safe place. When Caster is killed, Clone activates. Clone is identical to Caster AT TIME OF CASTING (up to 540 Points), with all memories up to that point. Clone does not have Casters Equip/Magic Items.
Effect
Duplication (creates up to 540-point form), Cannot Recombine (+0), Trigger (Death of Caster Activates Clone; +1/4) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (1 Week, Only to Activate Constant or Persistent Power, Character May Take No Other Actions, When Creating Clone; -2 1/2), 1 Charge (One Clone Per Casting; -2), IIF Bulky (Focus (Spare Body); -3/4), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; When Creating Clone; -3/4), Incantations (Complex; When Creating Clone; -1/2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE loss; -1/2), Requires A Skill Roll (Active Point penalty to Skill Roll is -1 per 20 Active Points Magic Skill Roll To Create Clone Body; -1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Etherealness View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 47 Active Points: 130
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Effect
Desolidification (affected by Magic, Force Effects, Other Ethreal), LOS Not Required To Maintain (+1/2), Usable Simultaneously (up to 8 people at once; +1) (100 Active Points); Extra Time (Extra Phase, Only to Activate, Character May Take No Other Actions, -1/2), 1 Continuing Charge lasting 20 Minutes (-1/2), Incantations (-1/4), Concentration 1/2 DCV (-1/4), Gestures (-1/4) (Real Cost: 36)
plus
Flight 6", LOS Not Required To Maintain (+1/2), Usable Simultaneously (up to 8 people at once; +1) (30 Active Points); 1 Continuing Charge lasting 20 Minutes (-1/2), Extra Time (Extra Phase, Only to Activate, Character May Take No Other Actions, -1/2), Incantations (-1/4), Concentration 1/2 DCV (-1/4), Linked (Ethreal; -1/2), Greater Power is Constant or in use most or all of the time (+1/4) (Real Cost: 11)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Maze View
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 20 Active Points: 125
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Effect
XDM (Single Dimension (Maze Dimension)), LOS (+1/2), Affects Desol Any form of Desolidification (+1/2), Ranged (+1/2), Transdimensional Related Group of Dimensions (Astral, Ethreal, Shadow; +3/4), Indirect (Any origin, any direction; +3/4), UAA (+1), Area of Effect Radius: 10" (+1), Selective (+1/4) (125 Active Points); Escapable (Targets Escape Maze By Taking A Number Of Full Phase Actions = (25- Their INT); Thus A 20 INT Character Emerges After 5 Full Phase Actions; -2), 1 Charge (-2), Extra Time (Full Phase, Delayed Phase, -3/4), Gestures (-1/4), Concentration 1/2 DCV (-1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Rary's Mnemonic Enhancer View
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 26 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Description
Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Unlock VPP, Casting This Spell Allows Caster To Retain Any 120 AP Or Less Spell Cast The Previous Phase (Essentially Granting One Additional Charge With That Spell Castable At A Later Time) (135 Active Points); 1 Charge (-2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE loss; -1), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Extra Time (Full Phase, Only to Activate, Delayed Phase, -1/2), Requires A Skill Roll (Active Point penalty to Skill Roll is -1 per 20 Active Points Magic Skill of School Proxied Spell Belongs To; -1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Sharn's Lens of Inner Power View
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 16 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
Description
This powerful meta-magic effect allows a Wizard using the Vancian Magic System provided on this site to cast spells one level higher than they currently can and to prepare more spells (keep track of which spells are prepared with the extra Pool). As a special exception to the rules the caster can even cast this spell on themselves (normally an Adjustment power in a VPP cannot modify the VPP itself). The Long Term Endurance Loss is paid when the spell is cast, not when the effect ends.
Effect
Aid VPP 6d6 (standard effect: 18 points), Delayed Return Rate (points return at the rate of 5 per 6 Hours; +1 1/4) (135 Active Points); 1 Charge (-2), Extra Time (1 Minute, Character May Take No Other Actions, -1 3/4), Gestures (Complex; Requires both hands; -3/4), Incantations (Complex; -1/2), Self Only (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), All Points Fade At First Fade Rate (-1/2, when the first Fade increment occurs, rather than 5 points fading away the entire spell ends; any spells prepared in the 15 extra Pool and not cast are lost), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster Suffers 15 LTE Loss; -1/2), Physical Manifestation (A Glowing "Third Eye" Appears On Casters Forehead; -1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Symbol of Corpse Animation View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 17 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
Keywords
Evil
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Summon 8 150-point Corpses, Uncontrolled (+1/2), Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Continuous (+1) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, Delayed Phase, -2 1/4), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), Summoned Being Must Inhabit Locale (Corpses must be available) (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4), Antagonistic Annoyed (-1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Symbol of Deafening View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 19 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Hearing Group Flash 10d6, Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 19", Conforming (+1 1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Incantations (-1/4), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Symbol of Death View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 23 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Keywords
Negative
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Ranged Killing Attack 2d6 (vs. ED), Penetrating (+1/2), Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 22" (+1) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, Only to Activate, Character May Take No Other Actions, -1 1/4), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Day (+1/2), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Another Casting Of Spell) (-1), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4), Concentration 1/2 DCV (-1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Symbol of Demon Summoning View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 17 Active Points: 131
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
Keywords
Summoning
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Summon 2 350-point One Type Of Lesser Demon (Determined By GM), Invisible to and Mental Group, Hide effects of Power, Source Only (Obscure Casters Identity from Summoned Demon; +1/4), Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2) (131 Active Points); 1 Charge (-2), Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), Antagonistic Violent (-3/4), Gestures (Complex; Requires both hands; -3/4), Incantations (-1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Symbol of Discord View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 17 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Keywords
Mind-Affecting
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
Effect
Mind Control 4d6 (Human class of minds), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Trigger (Determined When Symbol Drawn; +1/2), Invisible to and Mental Group (+1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 22" (+1), Conforming (+1/2), Cumulative (144 points; +1 3/4) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Set Effect (Makes Targets Quarrelsome and Argumentative; -1/2), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Day (+1/2), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Another Casting Of Spell) (-1), Cannot Be Used Through Mind Link (-1/4), Mandatory Effect EGO +10 (-1/4), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4), Does Not Provide Mental Awareness (-1/4)
Edition
HERO System 5th Edition

Symbol of Fear View
Clerical General Level 8
Wizardry Universal Level 8
Real Cost: 16 Active Points: 135
Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
Keywords
Mind-Affecting, Fear
Description
SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast NOTE: This write up is busted
Effect
  • Creating Symbol: Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 11 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), Extra Time (5 Minutes, Only To Activate, -2), Concentration 0 DCV (Only To Activate, -1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4), 1 Charge (-2)
  • Trigger (Set When Symbol Drawn; +1/2)
  • Effect: Area of Effect Cone: 9" (+1), Conforming (+1/2), Penetrating (x2; +1)
    • Drain PRE, EGO 2d6, PRE, EGO simultaneously (+1/2) (60 Active Points) (Real Cost: 8)
    • Mind Control 2d6 (Human class of minds), Cumulative (72 points; +1 3/4), Time Delay (1 Segment; +1/4), Continuous (+1), Uncontrolled (1 MINUTE, +1/2), Invisible to Mental Group (+1/2) (80 Active Points); Set Effect (Run Away!; -1), No Range (AoE Starts At Trigger, -1/2), Cannot Be Used Through Mind Link (-1/4), Mandatory Effect EGO +10 (-1/4), Does Not Provide Mental Awareness (-1/4) (Real Cost: 9)
  • Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Fear View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 16 Active Points: 135
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
    Keywords
    Mind-Affecting, Fear
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Change Environment 16" Cone, -9 PRE Roll and all Skill Rolls based on PRE, Long-Lasting 1 Century, Personal Immunity (+1/4) (134 Active Points); 1 Charge (-2), Extra Time (5 Minutes, Only to Create Symbol, -1), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Long Term Endurance Loss -- 27 LTE; -1), Concentration (0 DCV; -1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol of Fear; -1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Holding View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 19 Active Points: 135
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
    Keywords
    Mind-Affecting
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Entangle 2d6, 2 DEF, Works Against EGO, Not STR (+1/4), Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Takes No Damage From Attacks All Attacks (+1/2), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Affects Desol Any form of Desolidification (+1/2), BOECV (Mental Defense applies; +1), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 22" (+1), Conforming (+1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), No Range (-1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Hopelessness View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 20 Active Points: 135
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
    Keywords
    Mind-Affecting, Fear
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Drain PRE, EGO 2d6, Uncontrolled (+1/2), Trigger (Set When Symbol Drawn; +1/2), PRE, EGO simultaneously (+1/2), Invisible to Hearing, and Sight Groups, SFX Only, Hide effects of Power (+3/4), Penetrating (x2; +1), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 22" (+1), Conforming (+1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 25 LTE Loss; -1), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Incantations (-1/4), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Insanity View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 18 Active Points: 130
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
    Keywords
    Mind-Affecting
    Description
    Symbol must be visible to be effective, Modify rules for adding abilities w/ Transform. Add (PsyLim: Chosen Psychosis, Common, Total) to character, which results in 20/5 = +4 BODY needed to Transform., Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Major Transform 1d6+1 (Person into Person with Psychosis/Nuerosis, Heal, Restoration, Wish based Magic of Equal Or Greater AP), Trigger (Set When Symbol Drawn; +1/2), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Continuous (+1), BOECV (Mental Defense applies; +1), Penetrating (x2; +1), Area of Effect Cone: 21", Conforming (+1 1/2) (130 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, Delayed Phase, -2 1/4), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 26 LTE Loss; -1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Concentration 1/2 DCV (-1/4), Incantations (-1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Pain View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 18 Active Points: 134
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
    Keywords
    Pain
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Change Environment 4" radius, -2 : DCV, -2 : OCV, -2" of Running, -6 DEX and all Skill Rolls based on DEX, Multiple Combat Effects, Altered Shape Cone (+0), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Trigger (Set When Symbol Drawn; +1/2) (134 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Incantations (-1/4), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Sleep View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 20 Active Points: 135
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
    Keywords
    Sleep
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Drain STUN 3d6, Penetrating (+1/2), Trigger (Set When Symbol Drawn; +1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 19", Conforming (+1 1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Stunning View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 19 Active Points: 135
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: D&D 3e Core
    Keywords
    Force
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Energy Blast 6d6 (vs. PD), STUN Only (+0), Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Uncontrolled (+1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 19", Conforming (+1 1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), No Range (-1/2), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition

    Symbol of Stupefication View
    Clerical General Level 8
    Wizardry Universal Level 8
    Real Cost: 19 Active Points: 135
    Provider: Killer Shrike Source: New Content
    Description
    SYMBOL MUST BE VISIBLE TO BE EFFECTIVE, Long Term Endurance Lost Paid When Spell Is Cast
    Effect
    Mental Group Flash 10d6, Uncontrolled (+1/2), Trigger (Set When Symbol Inscribed; +1/2), Continuous (+1), Area of Effect Cone: 19", Conforming (+1 1/2) (135 Active Points); Extra Time (5 Minutes, -2), Side Effects, Side Effect occurs automatically whenever Power is used (Caster suffers 27 LTE Loss; -1), 1 Continuing Fuel Charge lasting 1 Hour (+0), Fuel is Extremely Difficult to obtain (Recast Spell) (-1), Gestures (Requires both hands; Complex; -3/4), Concentration 0 DCV (-1/2), No Range (-1/2), Physical Manifestation (Symbol; -1/4), Incantations (-1/4)
    Edition
    HERO System 5th Edition